篇名

應用虛擬實境與沉浸式敘事於降低男同志偏見與提升同理心之初探 全文閱讀

卷期

1

作者

王大維

關鍵詞

虛擬實境、沉浸式敘事、男同志、偏見降低、同理心

摘要

目的：多元性別（LGBT）族群在臺灣社會中仍經常遭受偏見與歧視對待，過往許多心理學研究都致力於找出有效降低偏見的介入策略，其中由 Gordon Allport（1954）所提出的「接觸假說」（contact hypothesis）得到許多實徵研究支持，亦即若與外群體有個人接觸經驗，偏見可能會降低。研究也發現同理心愈高者、偏見也可能愈低。這樣的觀點與近 20 年全球逐漸盛行的一項運動—真人圖書館的理念非常類似，透過弱勢、被邊緣化的族群現身說法分享其生命故事，其經驗宛如一本書，讓聽者或讀者可以擴增視野與感受，進而達到偏見降低與同理心提高的目的。本研究即在落實此想法，並加入虛擬實境（virtual reality [VR]）的新科技，讓這類介入不一定要透過面對面接觸就能達成。

方法：研究者根據接觸假說與真人圖書館的理念，發展虛擬實境影像的介入課程，影片由一位男同志擔任主角，面對 360°全景相機鏡頭自我敘說其生命故事，拍攝成沉浸式的 VR 影片。實驗研究採單一組別前後測設計，由 24 位參與者戴上 VR 頭盔觀看影片，並記錄前後測的測量。

結果：觀看完男同志自我敘說 VR 影片後，全體參與者對男同志的偏見顯著低於前測、特質同理心則顯著高於前測。此外，研究參與者在觀看影片後，對男同志主角也持有高度的情境同理心。本研究結果可提供未來欲透過真人敘事與虛擬實境來發展性別平等教育及相關諮商輔導介入實務之參考。

並列摘要

Objective: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people are still often experienced prejudice and discrimination in Taiwan. Much psychological research has been devoted to finding effective intervention strategies to reduce prejudice. One of the effective factors with empirical evidence is what Gordon Allport (1954) termed “the contact hypothesis.” It means that people with more contact with outgroup members might have lower prejudice tendencies. Research also shows that prejudice is related to empathy. These thoughts are in line with a global movement “human library” that has been gaining popularity in the past twenty years. The human library concept is that via sharing personal life stories by the minority or marginalized groups, their experiences are similar to “books,” therefore the listeners or “readers” can broaden their viewpoints and feelings to reduce prejudice and promote empathy. The current study tries to implement these ideas and adds the component of virtual reality (VR) to make these interventions attainable without faceto-face contact.

Method: Based on the ideas of the human library and contact hypothesis, this study developed an intervention of virtual reality movies. In this immersive storytelling film, a gay man shared his personal life stories related to his sexual orientation in front of a 360-degree camera. The resulting VR immersive storytelling film is for the experimental intervention. The research design is a single-group pretest-posttest experiment. Twentyfour participants watched the film through the VR helmet and completed pretest and posttest questionnaires.

Results: Participants’ posttest scores of prejudice towards gay men are significantly lower than the pretest after watching the VR film. Also, the posttest scores of trait empathy are significantly higher than the pretest. After watching the film, participants showed high scores on the state empathy toward the gay character of the film. These findings can be used to develop gender equity education, multicultural education, and other counseling and guidance programs based on human narratives and virtual reality.

頁次

108 - 134

出刊日期

202206

DOI

10.30099/PPCE.202206_(1).0010